What is Bipolar Disorder?

Bipolar Disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These mood swings can affect sleep, energy, activity, judgment, behavior, and the ability to think clearly. Episodes of mood swings may occur rarely or multiple times a year. There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:

• Bipolar I Disorder: Defined by manic episodes that last at least seven days, or by manic symptoms that are so severe that immediate hospital care is needed. Depressive episodes occur as well, typically lasting at least two weeks.
• Bipolar II Disorder: Defined by a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, which are less severe than the manic episodes seen in Bipolar I Disorder.
• Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia): Defined by periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least two years (one year in children and adolescents); however, the symptoms do not meet the diagnostic requirements for a hypomanic episode and a depressive episode.

Symptoms of mania/hypomania can include increased energy, euphoria, irritability, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility, and engaging in high-risk behaviors. Symptoms of depressive episodes can include feelings of sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, loss of interest in most activities, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and thoughts of death or suicide.

When should I schedule a Bipolar Disorder screening?

You should schedule a Bipolar Disorder screening if you or someone you know is experiencing mood swings that are more intense and last longer than typical mood changes. Signs that a screening might be necessary include:

• Experiencing periods of extreme happiness and high energy followed by periods of deep depression and low energy.
• Difficulty maintaining relationships, job performance, or daily responsibilities due to mood swings.
• Engaging in risky behaviors during manic episodes or feeling extremely sad and hopeless during depressive episodes.

Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

How is Bipolar Disorder treated?

Bipolar Disorder is often treated with a combination of therapies tailored to the individual’s needs. These treatments include:

• Medication: Mood stabilizers, antipsychotic medications, and antidepressants can help manage symptoms and maintain stable moods. Medications are often tailored to the individual’s specific symptoms and needs.
• Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy): Engaging in therapy sessions with a mental health professional can help you understand and manage your condition. Types of therapy include:
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Psychoeducation
  • Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT)
  • Family Therapy
• Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise, a healthy diet, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques can help manage symptoms.
• Support Groups: Joining a support group can provide a sense of community and shared experiences, helping you feel less isolated.

Our practice offers comprehensive evaluations and individualized treatment plans to help manage Bipolar Disorder effectively. Call to schedule a Bipolar Disorder screening or book an appointment online today.